Secretary of Defense

From The Black Vault Encyclopedia Project

The United States Secretary of Defense is the head of the United States Department of Defense, concerned with the armed services and military matters. The Secretary is appointed by the President with the approval of the Senate, and is a member of the Cabinet. By statute the secretary must be a civilian who has not served in the active component of the armed forces for at least 10 years (10 USC Sec. 113). The Secretary of Defense is sixth in the United States presidential line of succession.

This position was created in 1947 when the Navy, Army, and newly created Air Force were merged into the new National Military Establishment. In the same massive reorganization, the Secretary of War was replaced by the Secretary of the Army and, along with the Secretary of the Navy and the new Secretary of the Air Force, became a non-Cabinet position placed under the Secretary of Defense. In 1949, the National Military Establishment was renamed the Department of Defense, which remains the current name of the department.

Within the United States Armed Forces, the Secretary of Defense is often referred to as SecDef.

The SecDef and the President of the United States together constitute the National Command Authority (NCA), which has sole authority to launch strategic nuclear weapons. All nuclear weapons are governed by the two-man rule, even at the highest levels in government. Both individuals must concur before a strategic nuclear strike may be ordered.

The SecDef, as the head of the United States Office of the Secretary of Defense, is assisted by a Deputy Secretary and five Under Secretaries in the fields of Acquisition, Technology & Logistics; Comptroller/Chief Financial Officer; Intelligence; Personnel & Readiness; and arguably the most important, Policy. All of these positions require Senate confirmation.

The Secretary of Defense also supervises the six Joint Chiefs of Staff and the commanders of the nine Unified Commands.

See here for more information on each position and biographies of the current Deputy Secretary (DepSecDef) and Under Secretaries (USDs).

List of Secretaries of Defense

Line of Succession

In an Executive Order of December 22, 2005, President George W. Bush modified the line of succession of the office of Secretary of Defense as follows:

1. Deputy Secretary of Defense
2. Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence
3. Under Secretary of Defense for Policy
4. Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics
5. Secretary of the Army
6. Secretary of the Air Force
7. Secretary of the Navy
8. Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness and the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)
9. Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology, Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, and Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness
10. General Counsel of the Department of Defense, the Assistant Secretaries of Defense, and the Director of Operational Test and Evaluation
11. Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Logistics and Material Readiness and the Director of Defense Research and Engineering
12. Under Secretaries of the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force
13. Assistant Secretaries of the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force, and General Counsels of the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force.

Copyright

"Original data received from Wikipedia on April 23, 2006. Credit given to original authors can be seen Here."

Name	Term of Office	President(s) served under
James Forrestal	September 17, 1947 - March 28, 1949	Harry S. Truman
Louis A. Johnson	March 28, 1949 - September 19, 1950	Harry S. Truman
George C. Marshall	September 21, 1950 - September 12, 1951	Harry S. Truman
Robert A. Lovett	September 17, 1951 - January 20, 1953	Harry S. Truman
Charles E. Wilson	January 28, 1953 - October 8, 1957	Dwight D. Eisenhower
Neil H. McElroy	October 9, 1957 - December 1, 1959	Dwight D. Eisenhower
Thomas S. Gates	December 2, 1959 - January 20, 1961	Dwight D. Eisenhower
Robert McNamara	January 21, 1961 - February 29, 1968	John F. Kennedy, Lyndon Johnson
Clark M. Clifford	March 1, 1968- January 20, 1969	Lyndon Johnson
Melvin R. Laird	January 22, 1969 - January 29, 1973	Richard Nixon
Elliot L. Richardson	January 30, 1973 - May 24, 1973	Richard Nixon
James R. Schlesinger	July 2, 1973 - November 19, 1975	Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford
Donald H. Rumsfeld	November 20, 1975 - January 20, 1977	Gerald Ford
Harold Brown	January 21, 1977 - January 20, 1981	Jimmy Carter
Caspar W. Weinberger	January 21, 1981 - November 23, 1987	Ronald Reagan
Frank C. Carlucci	November 23, 1987 - January 20, 1989	Ronald Reagan
Richard B. Cheney	March 21, 1989 - January 20, 1993	George H. W. Bush
Les Aspin	January 21, 1993 - February 3, 1994	Bill Clinton
William J. Perry	February 3, 1994 - January 23, 1997	Bill Clinton
William S. Cohen	January 24, 1997 - January 20, 2001	Bill Clinton
Donald H. Rumsfeld	January 20, 2001 - present	George W. Bush